How Kozhikode became India’s Sole ‘City of Literature’

On October 31, World Cities Day, Kozhikode in Kerala achieved a remarkable milestone by becoming India’s first city to receive UNESCO’s prestigious “City of Literature” designation, joining the ranks of 55 innovative cities globally. This momentous declaration coincided with Kerala’s Formation Day celebrations.

Notably, Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh also earned a place on UNESCO’s list as the “City of Music,” marking another significant recognition for India. Kozhikode’s achievement was attributed to its rich literary heritage and the contributions of writers like Basheer and MT, who played pivotal roles in shaping the Malayalam language, making it more accessible and relatable to the masses.

MT, arguably one of the most translated Malayalam writers, found his muse in Kozhikode, where he chose to reside. UNESCO acknowledged Kozhikode’s cutting-edge urban planning and its dedication to a culturally vibrant development approach, which propelled it to the “City of Literature” status.

In the heart of Kozhikode, Sweet Meat Street, now known as SM Street, proudly displays a prominent bust of renowned writer Pottekkatt. The bustling shopping district showcases literary installations, featuring significant excerpts from novels and works of city-based authors, adding to the city’s cultural charm.

Kozhikode’s journey to this accolade began when the Kozhikode Corporation, in consultation with the Kerala Institute of Local Administration, pursued its vision of becoming the City of Literature in 2022. Drawing inspiration from Prague, the inaugural City of Literature, they sought assistance from the University of Prague, which conducted a comparative study highlighting Kozhikode’s vibrant literary ecosystem.

Kozhikode boasts over 70 publishers and more than 500 libraries, which served as a solid foundation for its UNESCO bid. The annual Kerala Literature Festival and various book festivals hosted by the city reinforced its claim. Meeting the majority of UNESCO’s requirements, including fostering a strong literary culture through local businesses, hosting diverse literary events, offering high-quality literary education, and presenting a wide array of literary activities, Kozhikode has rightfully earned its title.

Furthermore, Kozhikode stands out as a hub for Malayalam literary periodicals, with a multitude of local newspapers and television networks headquartered in the city, emphasizing the city’s unwavering commitment to literature and culture. This UNESCO recognition is a testament to Kozhikode’s rich literary legacy and its vibrant literary community, marking a historic moment for the city and the nation.